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CINAHL Mnemonics

(For a list of the mnemonics available in ProQuest, see the ProQuest Mnemonics page.)

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Abstract

Search article abstracts for your terms. (Note: When working with AGRICOLA, CINAHL, ERIC and MEDLINE only the AB mnemonic works.)

Valid Forms:
    ABS
    AB
    ABSTRACT

Examples:
    AB(strength)

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Accession Number

The Accession Number is a unique number assigned to each record in the database. Each database using Accession numbers using a slightly different format for these numbers.

Valid Forms:
    NO

Examples:
    NO(2002057251)

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Article Title

The title of an article.This search field locates the occurrence of search words in the title of the article.

Valid Forms:
    TI

Examples:
    TI(future)
    TI(future AND career)

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Author

Use to find articles written by an author or reviewer.

Valid Forms:
    AU

Examples:
    AU(huntington)
    AU(kinsley t)

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Author Affiliation

The author affiliation field contains institutional affiliation and address of the authors of the document.

Valid Forms:
    AA

Examples:
    AA(brown)

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Chapter's Book

Used to search Chapter's Book index. This field contains information on the book a chapter is published in. It is only present in book chapter records.

Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    CB

Examples:
    CB(Hospital)
    CB(healthy aging)

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Citation and Abstract

When you select Citations and abstracts from the drop-down menu, CINAHL searches the following fields:

  • Article Title
  • Series Title
  • Cited Reference
  • Abstract
  • Named Person
  • Main Subject Heading
  • Minor Subject Heading
  • Journal Title
  • Bibliography
  • Original Study/Source

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Cited Reference Title

Used to search the titles of articles and documents cited in the Citation/Reference index.

Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    CTT

Examples:
    CTT(future AND career)

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Cited References

Used to search Citations index. This field contains information on the references cited in the article or publication.

Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    CT
    RF

Examples:
    CT(Nursing)

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Commentary/Response

Used to search commentary/response. Identifies bibliographic details of articles commenting on or responding to the source document. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    CR

Example:
    CR(cooper)

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Corporate/Institutional Author

This field contains the Corporate names of the institution that authored the original document, sponsoring institution, conference, government agency, etc.

Valid Forms:
    CO

Examples:
   CO(health)
   CO("aaa foundation for traffic safety")

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Degree Name

Used to search degree name. For masters thesis and doctoral dissertation records, identifies the degree. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
   DG

Example:
   DG(MSN)

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Descriptors

Approved subject headings which appear in the thesaurus. They are assigned to consistently describe the concepts included in the content of an article or document. Record may contain descriptors in major/minor subject heading fields as well as within the subject field. 

Valid Forms:
   DE

Example:
   DE(Hyperkinesis)
   DE(Health Care Seeking Behavior)
   DE("bacterial infections")
   DE("autonomic nervous system diseases")

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Document Type

You can select and search for certain types of documents, including books, chapters, and journal articles. 

Valid Forms:
   DT

Examples:
   DT("abstract")
   DT("doctoral dissertation")

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Explode

This field is used to search for the subject term and its narrower terms. If a subject term has no narrower terms, then the search is made only for the subject term.

Valid Forms:
   EXP

Examples:
   EXP(Ability)
   EXP(Abortions)

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Grant Information

Used to search Grant Information index. This field lists the funding information.
Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
   GI

Examples:
   GI(ACTG)

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Issue

Used to search Issue Number and Supplement indexes. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    IS

Examples:
   IS(10)

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Journal Title

Used to search for articles from a particular journal.

Valid Forms:
    SO

Examples:
   SO("Oklahoma Nurse")
   SO(Lancet)

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Language

Used to search Language index. This field contains the language in which the document was published originally. You can select languages from Language field specific index. 

 

Valid Forms:
    LN

Examples:
   LN(french)
   LN(french or english)

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Legal Cases

Used to search Legal Cases index. This field lists the names of the parties, court case number, and/or the place.

Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    LE

Examples:
    LE(New York)
    LE(Simon)

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Main Subject Heading / Major Descriptors

Used to search Major Descriptors/ Main Subject Headings. These subject headings are the focus of the document.

Use keyword(s) or quoted phrase to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    MJ

Examples:
   MJ("Serotonin Antagonists")
   MJ(serotonin)

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MEDLINE Number

Used to search the National Library of Medicine's unique identifier numbers.

Valid Forms:
    ME

Examples:
   ME(99134023)
   ME(20000396)

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Minor Descriptors

Used to search Minor Subject Headings/Minor Descriptors. These subject terms reflect lessor topics in the document.

Use keyword(s) or quoted phrase to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    MN

Examples:
   MN("child health")
   MN(infant)

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Original Study

Used to search Original Study. This lists the bibliographic details of the article to which the source document comments or responds. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    OS

Examples:
   OS(abrams)

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Publication Date

The publication date in alphanumeric (year mon day) or numeric (YYYYMMDD) format. For example, December 12, 1999 can be searched as 1999 Dec 12 or 19991212.

Valid Forms:
    PD

Examples:
   PD(19991212)
   PD(2001 jul 4)

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Publisher Location

Used to search Place of Publication, Publisher Address and Producer Address index.
Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    PL

Examples:
    PL(spain)
    PL(Thousand Oaks)

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Publisher Name

Used to search Place of Publication, Publisher or Producer Name, Division, and School Name indexes.
Use keywords to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    PB

Examples:
    PB(CA)
    PB(Oxford University Press)

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Record Type

This field is used to limit searches to Journal or Non-Journal documents.

Valid Forms:
    RT

Examples:
    RT(non-journal)
    RT(journal)

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Research Instrument

Used to search Instrumentation and Description indexes. This field lists the instruments used in the cited research study. Use keyword(s) to search this field. Terms such as scale, inventory, questionnaire, etc., should not be included in the search query.

Valid Forms:
    RI

Examples:
    RI(organization)
    RI(drugs)

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Review

Used to search Review. Identifies sources reviewing the source document. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    RV

Examples:
    RV(allied)

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Revised Date

Used to search Revised Date. This represents the date the original CINAHL document was modified The Revised Date field is formatted as: YYYYMMDD (Y=Year, M=Month, D=Day).

Use keyword(s) to search this field. This field is not available as a browsable index.

Valid Forms:
    RD

Examples:
    RD(20011214)

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Series Title

Used to search Series Title index. This field lists Series titles for books, pamphlets, and journals.
Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    ST

Examples:
    ST(acute)

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Specific Interest Current Awareness

Used to search Specific Interest Current Awareness. These categories represent specialties in nursing/ allied health.

Use quoted phrase to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    SC

Examples:
    SC("advanced nursing practice")
    SC("gerontologic care")
    SC("physical therapy")

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Standard Number

Used to search ISSN, ISBN, NLM Serial ID, and Serial ID indexes. Use the hyphen or spaces when searching for ISSN or ISBN.  

Valid Forms:
    SN

Examples:
    SN(0149-2195)
    SN(0-13-031950-3)
    SN(19330740R)

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Subject Terms

Use the Subject search field to look for articles about a specific subject.

Valid Forms:
    SU

Examples:
    SU(heartburn)
    SU(verbal behavior)
    SU("health care costs")

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Subset / Journal Subset

Used to search Subset index. These are subsets of journals categorized by factors such as subject, geographic location, and so on. You can use the following subsets to help refine your search strategy:

  • Africa
  • Allied Health
  • Alternative Complementary Therapies
  • Asia
  • Australia & New Zealand
  • Biomedical
  • Canada
  • Computer Information Sciences
  • Consumer Health
  • Core Nursing
  • Europe
  • Health Promotion Education
  • Health Services Administration
  • Mexico & Central South America
  • Nursing
  • Online
  • Peer Reviewed
  • UK & Ireland
  • USA

Valid Forms:
    SS

Examples:
    SS(Nursing)
    SS("Health Services Administration")
    SS("Peer Reviewed")

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Table of Contents

Contains Table of Contents information found in book records. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    TC

Examples:
    TC(neutral)
    TC(special needs child)

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Update Date

Used to search Update. This represents the date the record was added to the CINAHL database. The Update field is formatted as: YYYYMMDD (Y=Year, M=Month, D=Day).

To search for a range of dates, enter the dates separated by hyphens. This field is not available as a browsable index.

Valid Forms:
    UD

Examples:
    UD(20010126)
    UD(20010126-20010304)

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Volume

Used to search Volume. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    VO

Examples:
   VO(12)

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Year

Used to search Publication Year index.

Valid Forms:
    YR

Examples:
    YR(1986)
    YR(1986-1987)
    YR(>1998)
    YR(<1998)

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Last updated: 1/15/04