ERIC Mnemonics

(For a list of the mnemonics available in ProQuest, see the ProQuest Mnemonics page.)

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Abstract

Search article abstracts for your terms. (Note: When working with AGRICOLA, CINAHL, ERIC and MEDLINE only the AB mnemonic works.)

Valid Forms:
    ABS
    AB
    ABSTRACT

Examples:
    ABS(customer delight)

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Accession Number

The Accession Number is a unique number assigned to each record. (Note: Only the NO mnemonic works with ERIC.)

Valid Forms:
    PN (PsycINFO only)
    NO

Examples:
    NO(2002-11415-011)

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Article Title

The title of an article, such as "Peering into the Future of Careers." This search field locates the occurrence of search words in the title of the article.

Valid Forms:
    TI

Examples:
    TI(Future)
    TI(future AND career)
    TI("Peering into the Future of Careers")

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Author

Use to find articles written by an author or reviewer.

Valid Forms:
    AU

Examples:
    AU(Gertrude Enders Huntington)
    AU(Michael Kinsley)

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Citation and Abstract

When you select Citations and abstracts from the drop-down menu, ERIC searches the following fields:

• Title
  
• Abstract
  
• Notes
  
• Major Descriptors
  
• Minor Descriptors
  
• Subject
  
• Source
  

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Cited Reference Title

Used to search the titles of articles and documents cited in the Citation/Reference index.

Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    CTT

Examples:
    CTT(future AND career)

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Corporate/Institutional Author

This field contains the Corporate names of the institution that authored the original document, sponsoring institution, conference, government agency, etc.

Valid Forms:
    CO

Examples:
   CO(health)
   CO("aaa foundation for traffic safety")

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Descriptors

Approved subject headings which appear in the thesaurus. They are assigned to consistently describe the concepts included in the content of an article or document. Record may contain descriptors in major/minor subject heading fields as well as within the subject field. 

Valid Forms:
   DE

Example:
   DE(Hyperkinesis)
   DE(Health Care Seeking Behavior)
   DE(bacterial disorders)
   DE("autonomic nervous system disorders")

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Document Type

You can select and search for certain types of documents, including books, chapters, and journal articles.

Valid Forms:
   STYPE

Examples:
   STYPE("journal article")
   STYPE("dissertation abstract")

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ERIC Digest

Used to search ERIC Digest Text index. This field contains the full text of the original document. It appears in ERIC digest records only.

Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
   EF

Examples:
   EF(test)
   EF(catch or catcher)

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Explode

This field is used to search for the main term and its narrower terms. If a main term has no narrower terms, then the search is made only for the main term.

Valid Forms:
   EXP

Examples:
   EXP(Ability)
   EXP(Abortions)

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Identifier / Key Concepts

The Identifier concisely summarizes the content of the original document and lets you search terms and concepts beyond those in the controlled vocabulary. Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    ID

Examples:
    ID(newcomer)
    ID(lion tamarin)

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Journal Title

Used to search for articles from a particular journal. (Note: Only the SO mnemonic works with ERIC.)

Valid Forms:
    SO
    JR
    JN
    JO
    SR
    PTI
    SOURCE
    PUB

Examples:
   SO("Rehabilitation Psychology")
   PUB(rehabilitation)

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Language

Used to search Language index. This field contains the language in which the document was published originally. You can select languages from Language field specific index. 

Valid Forms:
    LN

Examples:
   LN(french)
   LN(french or english)

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Main Subject Heading / Major Descriptors

Used to search Major Descriptors/ Main Subject Headings. These subject headings are the focus of the document.

Use keyword(s) or quoted phrase to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    MJ

Examples:
   MJ("Serotonin Antagonists")
   MJ(serotonin)

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Notes

This field index contains miscellaneous information such as thesis notes, relation to other records, pages, etc.

Valid Forms:
    NT

Examples:
   NT(theta)
   NT(Phi Theta Kappa)

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Personal Name (ERIC)

Used to search Author and Subsequent Author index. This field enables you to browse for a specific author. Use quoted phrase to search this field. You can browse names in the Personal Author field specific index.

Valid Forms:
    PN

Examples:
   PN(c kevin)
   PN(aach susan)
   PN(aagaard james s)

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Publication Date

Used to search the Publication Date in numeric (YYYYMMDD or YYYYMM) or alphanumeric form. For example, December 12, 1999 apppears as 19991212, and December 1999 appears as 199912.

Valid Forms:
    PD

Examples:
   PD(dec and 1999)
   PD(199912)

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Publisher Location

Used to search Place of Publication, Publisher Address and Producer Address index.
Use keyword(s) to search this field.

Valid Forms:
    PL

Examples:
    PL(spain)
    PL(Thousand Oaks)

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Record Type (ERIC)

This field can be searched using three-digit record type codes or their associated descriptive labels, which classify the format of the original record. You can browse record types in the Record Type field specific index.

Valid Forms:
    RT

Examples:
    RT(information)
    RT(journal)
    RT(041)

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Report Number

This field contains the identifying number assigned to the document by the organization that produced or supported it. Use hyphens when searching for report numbers.

Valid Forms:
    RN

Examples:
    RN(1-1985e)
    RN(1-243-ag63-3500-48613)

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Sponsoring Agency

This field contains the information about the Sponsoring Agency. You can choose names from the Sponsoring Agency field specific index.

Valid Forms:
    SP

Examples:
    SP(aberdeen)
    SP(American Bankers)
    SP("cabell county schools huntington wv")

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Standard Number

Used to search ISSN and ISBN index. Use the hyphen when searching for ISSN. Search for ISBN without hyphens. 

Valid Forms:
    SN

Examples:
    SN(1010-0652)
    SN(0415102006)

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Subject Terms

Use the Subject search field to look for articles about a specific subject.

Valid Forms:
    SU

Examples:
    SU(Music)
    SU(venture capital companies)
    SU(Health Care)

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Target Audience / Intended Audience

This field contains a description of the intended audience of the document. Searching in this field limits your results to post 1983 records. Use keyword(s) to search this field. The valid audience types are:

• administrators
• community
• media
• staff
• parents
• policymakers
• practitioners
• researchers
• students
• support
• teachers

Valid Forms:
    TA

Examples:
    TA(administrators)
    TA(researchers)

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Update Date / Journal Announcement

Used to search Update. This represents the date the record was added to the database. The Update field is formatted as: YYYYMMDD (Y=Year, M=Month, D=Day).

To search for a range of dates, enter the dates separated by hyphens. This field is available as a browsable index for ERIC.

Valid Forms:
    JA

Examples:
    JA(20010126)
    JA(20010126-20010304)

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Year

Used to search Publication Year index.

Valid Forms:
    YR

Examples:
    YR(1986)
    YR(1986-1987)
    YR(>1998)
    YR(<1998)

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Last updated: 1/15/04